Blimps

A blimp is a type of non-rigid airship. Like other lighter-than-air craft, it flies because the gas inside a large envelope provides buoyancy. The lifting gas is typically helium for safety; hydrogen was used historically. Because the envelope is not reinforced by a rigid frame, the gas pressure itself helps maintain the shape.

Construction and operation: The gas envelope is made of lightweight fabrics such as polyester or laminated films. The gondola or crew compartment hangs beneath the envelope and houses the cockpit, payload, and propulsion units. Engines drive propellers for thrust and maneuverability, while fins or rudders provide steering and pitch control. Lifting and altitude are managed by adjusting gas volume and, when needed, ballast or venting.

Uses and characteristics: Blimps are favored for advertising and aerial broadcasting because of their stable, slow flight and ability to hover for extended periods. They are also used for aerial photography, event surveillance, research, and sightseeing. Advantages include low-speed, smooth flight with excellent visibility and long endurance relative to compact aircraft. Limitations include sensitivity to weather, especially winds and storms, limited payload and speed, vulnerability to punctures, and operational constraints on altitude and range.

History and examples: The non-rigid design emerged in the early 20th century and is commonly referred to as a blimp in the United States. The Goodyear Blimp and similar advertising airships became iconic in the mid- to late 20th century, frequently seen at sports events and public gatherings. Modern blimps continue to serve advertising, broadcast, and research roles, often alongside semi-rigid and rigid airships.