Biomateriálisok

Biomateriálisok is the Hungarian term for biomaterials. Biomaterials are materials intended to interact with biological systems for medical purposes, whether therapeutic or diagnostic. They can be natural or synthetic. Natural biomaterials include substances derived from biological sources like collagen, hyaluronic acid, or chitin. Synthetic biomaterials are engineered materials, often polymers, ceramics, metals, or composites, designed for specific biocompatibility and mechanical properties.

The primary goal of a biomaterial is to perform a function without eliciting an undesirable local or systemic response in the recipient. This concept of biocompatibility is crucial; it means the material should not be toxic, allergenic, or carcinogenic. The development of biomaterials involves understanding the complex interactions between the material and the biological environment.

Biomaterials are used in a wide range of medical applications. These include implants such as artificial joints (hips, knees), dental implants, pacemakers, stents, and intraocular lenses. They are also used in tissue engineering scaffolds to support cell growth and regeneration, drug delivery systems to control the release of medications, and wound dressings.

The field of biomaterials is interdisciplinary, drawing on expertise from materials science, chemistry, biology, medicine, and engineering. Ongoing research focuses on creating more advanced biomaterials with improved functionality, such as intelligent materials that can respond to physiological cues or bioresorbable materials that gradually degrade in the body after fulfilling their function.