Belen

Belen is a Spanish word meaning "Bethlehem." It is most commonly associated with the Nativity scene, a religious display that depicts the birth of Jesus Christ. These scenes, often referred to as "belenes" in Spanish, are a significant part of Christmas celebrations in many Spanish-speaking countries and beyond.

A typical belen includes figures representing Mary, Joseph, the infant Jesus, the shepherds, the Magi, and various animals, often set within a stable or grotto. Elaborate belenes can be quite detailed, featuring miniature landscapes, buildings, and even running water features. They are usually constructed and displayed in homes, churches, and public spaces during the Christmas season, from early December until early January.

The tradition of creating belenes dates back to the Middle Ages, with Saint Francis of Assisi credited with popularizing the practice in the 13th century. Over time, the style and complexity of belenes have evolved, incorporating local artistic traditions and materials. In some regions, there are competitions for the best belen, showcasing the creativity and craftsmanship involved. The word "belen" itself directly translates to Bethlehem, the birthplace of Jesus, thus reinforcing the religious significance of these displays.