Banisters

Banisters are the railing system that runs along stairways and, in some cases, balconies. The term can refer to the entire enclosure, including the handrail, balusters, and newel posts, or, more narrowly, to the handrail itself that is grasped for support.

Common components include the handrail (the graspable top rail), balusters or spindles (the vertical members), and newel posts at the top and bottom. In some designs, a base rail or decorative panels (balustrade) completes the structure. The arrangement and style of these elements influence both safety and aesthetics.

Banisters are made from a variety of materials, including wood, metal, glass, stone, and composites. Styles range from turned-wood balusters in traditional or Victorian schemes to clean, minimal lines in contemporary designs. Finishes, profiles, and spacing choices contribute to the overall look and how well the piece integrates with a room’s architecture.

Safety and code considerations are an important part of banister design. Most jurisdictions require handrails to be within a specified height range, commonly around 34-38 inches (86-97 cm) above the finished floor. Balusters are usually spaced to prevent a small object from passing through, typically no more than 4 inches (about 10 cm) apart, though exact requirements vary by code. Handrails should be continuous along a flight and graspable, with further requirements set by local building codes and accessibility standards.

Installation involves securing newel posts to a stable structure and attaching balusters to stringers or walls, with regular maintenance to prevent loosening. Wood banisters may need refinishing; metal parts may require protection against corrosion. See also balustrade and handrail.