Balms

A balm is a semi-solid topical preparation intended to soften, soothe, and protect the skin while delivering active ingredients. Balms are typically wax-based and melt at or near body temperature, enabling easy spreading and a barrier that helps retain moisture. They can be formulated as cosmetic products or, when labeled with therapeutic claims, as OTC or medicinal items in some markets.

Most balms use a waxy base combined with oils or butters. Common bases include beeswax, paraffin, petrolatum, shea butter, and cocoa butter. Carriers such as olive oil, jojoba oil, coconut oil, or argan oil provide moisturization, while additives may include plant extracts (calendula, chamomile), vitamins, and, in some products, essential oils for fragrance or soothing properties. Lip balms, skin balms, and specialty balms for hands, feet, or muscles are popular variants. Some formulations include cooling or warming ingredients like menthol or capsaicin, or soothing botanicals to address minor irritations.

Uses vary from moisturizing dry skin and protecting lips to soothing chapped areas and supporting recovery of minor irritations. Balms are generally applied in small amounts to clean skin, using clean fingers or a dedicated applicator to avoid contamination. They should not be applied to broken skin or near the eyes, and sensitive individuals should patch-test new products.

Safety and storage: keep balms in a cool, dry place away from heat and sunlight; reseal after use to preserve ingredients. Storage or labeling requirements vary by jurisdiction, particularly for products with therapeutic claims.