Azbeszt

Azbeszt, also known as asbestos, is a group of naturally occurring silicate minerals characterized by their fibrous crystal structure. These minerals are composed primarily of extended, microscopic fibers that are resistant to heat, fire, chemical damage, and electrical conductivity. Due to these properties, azbeszt was widely used in construction, insulation, automotive parts, and industrial applications throughout the 20th century.

There are six primary types of asbestos: chrysotile (white asbestos), amosite (brown asbestos), crocidolite (blue asbestos), and the less common anthophyllite, tremolite, and actinolite. Chrysotile accounts for the majority of asbestos used commercially, while crocidolite is considered the most hazardous.

Exposure to azbeszt fibers is associated with serious health risks. When inhaled, fibers can become embedded in the respiratory tract, leading to diseases such as asbestosis (lung fibrosis), mesothelioma (a rare and aggressive form of cancer affecting the lining of the lungs and abdomen), and other lung cancers. Due to these health hazards, many countries have implemented regulations to limit or ban asbestos use.

Asbestos-containing materials are often found in older buildings, including insulation, roofing, flooring, and cement products. The removal and handling of these materials require specialized procedures to prevent fiber release and minimize health risks.

Because of its hazardous nature, the use of azbeszt has decreased significantly, and it is now classified as a carcinogen by several health authorities worldwide. Ongoing research continues to assess the long-term impacts of asbestos exposure and the best methods for safely managing and removing existing asbestos materials.