Austrians

Austrians are the citizens or inhabitants of Austria, a landlocked country in Central Europe. The majority speak German, typically in the form known as Austrian German, and many identify with a national culture that has developed within the historical lands of the Habsburgs. While citizenship provides political nationality, Austrian identity is also shaped by regional traditions, languages, and immigration from various parts of Europe and beyond.

Language and culture. Austrian German is the predominant language, with distinctive dialects across states such as Vienna, Lower Austria, Styria, and Tyrol. In certain regions there are recognized minority languages, including Burgenland Croatian, Hungarian, and Slovenian. Austria has produced influential musicians, composers, writers, and artists; Vienna has long been a center of classical music, haute culture, and diplomacy. Traditional cuisine, café culture, and landmarks in architecture and design—such as the Vienna Secession—are notable aspects of Austrian cultural life.

History. The Austrian lands were the core of the Habsburg Empire, whose dissolution after World War I led to the creation of the Republic of Austria in 1919. Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in 1938 and regained independence in 1955, when it declared neutrality. It joined the European Union in 1995 and remains a federal parliamentary republic with nine states and a high standard of living.

Demographics and society. Austria has a population of about nine million and a significant immigrant presence that contributes to cultural diversity in urban areas and the alpine regions. The country maintains a high standard of living, robust social welfare, and a strong tourism sector centered on its mountains, lakes, and historic cities.