Ausgleichungsnetze

Ausgleichungsnetze, also known as balancing networks, are specialized electrical infrastructures used primarily in modern power grids to manage fluctuations in supply and demand. They function as intermediary networks that aggregate power from small or distributed generation sources and distribute it to larger grid nodes or to consumers. By absorbing voltage and frequency variations, Ausgleichungsnetze ensure grid stability and enhance the integration of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar farms.

The main purpose of an Ausgleichungsnetz is to mitigate the inherent variability of renewable generation and fluctuating load patterns. The network continuously monitors real‑time power flows, and through automatic control devices adjusts voltage reference points and power exchanges. This dynamic balancing reduces the need for large-scale reserve power plants and supports efficient use of existing transmission lines.

In many European countries, Ausgleichungsnetze are regulated under national grid codes that define installation criteria, operation standards, and compensation mechanisms. Operators are typically utility companies or network operators that provide technical services to distributed energy resources. These networks are often part of the sub‑transmission layer, bridging the gap between local microgrids and the national transmission system.

Technological developments such as smart inverters, energy storage units, and advanced forecasting algorithms have increased the capability of Ausgleichungsnetze to forecast demand and supply variations with higher precision. Consequently, they play a crucial role in achieving decarbonisation targets and enhancing the overall resilience of power systems.