Armillarii

Armillarii refers to a genus of fungi commonly known as honey mushrooms. These mushrooms are characterized by their distinctive honey-yellow to brown caps and often grow in dense clusters at the base of trees or on decaying wood. They are saprophytic, meaning they obtain nutrients from dead organic matter, and some species can also be parasitic, infecting and killing living trees.

The most well-known species, Armillaria mellea, is widespread and has a significant impact on forest ecosystems. It is recognized by its sticky, often fuzzy cap and the presence of a ring on the stalk. Armillarii fungi reproduce by releasing spores, which are typically white or cream-colored. They are also known for their bioluminescent properties; some species emit a faint glow in the dark, a phenomenon called foxfire.

In some regions, certain species of Armillarii are edible and considered a delicacy, although proper identification is crucial due to the risk of confusing them with poisonous look-alikes. Their mycelium, a network of thread-like hyphae, can spread extensively underground, forming vast networks that can persist for years. This extensive underground network is sometimes referred to as the "humongous fungus." The genus is economically and ecologically important, influencing forest health and sometimes being harvested for consumption.