Antiseptikute

Antiseptikute, more commonly known as antiseptics, are antimicrobial substances that are applied to living tissue and skin to reduce the possibility of infection, sepsis, and putrefaction. They work by killing or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Antiseptics are distinct from antibiotics, which are used to treat infections internally, and disinfectants, which are used on inanimate objects.

The use of antiseptics dates back to the mid-19th century, with pioneers like Joseph Lister and Ignaz Semmelweis demonstrating their importance in preventing surgical site infections and puerperal fever, respectively. Early antiseptics included carbolic acid, which Lister used in his surgical procedures. Over time, a variety of antiseptic agents have been developed and are now widely used in healthcare settings, as well as in homes for general hygiene purposes.

Common examples of antiseptics include alcohols (like isopropyl alcohol and ethanol), chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine, hydrogen peroxide, and various quaternary ammonium compounds. These substances are found in products such as hand sanitizers, wound cleansers, mouthwashes, and surgical scrubs. The choice of antiseptic depends on the specific application, the type of microorganism to be targeted, and the compatibility with the tissue it will be applied to. While generally safe when used as directed, overuse or improper use of antiseptics can sometimes lead to skin irritation or resistance development in some microorganisms.