Anastomózou

Anastomózou refers to the act or result of forming an anastomosis, a connection between two hollow structures such as blood vessels, segments of the gastrointestinal tract, bile ducts, or airways. The term covers both natural physiological connections and surgically created ones that restore continuity or redirect flow.

Anastomoses can take several configurations, including end-to-end, end-to-side, and side-to-side. In vascular surgery, they may be sutured, stapled, or joined with coupling devices; in gastrointestinal surgery, the ends of a bowel segment are connected to restore luminal continuity. Techniques vary with tissue type, risk of tension, and the surgeon’s preference.

Indications for creating an anastomosis include resection of diseased tissue with restoration of flow, bypassing obstructed segments, and establishing drainage pathways or conduits for secretions. Successful anastomosis requires adequate blood supply to the joined edges, minimal mechanical tension, correct alignment of luminal edges, and a secure, watertight closure to prevent leakage and minimize the risk of stenosis.

Complications can include anastomotic leakage, bleeding, infection, stricture or stenosis, thrombosis, and impaired healing. Prevention and management emphasize meticulous technique, proper tissue handling, appropriate tissue choice, and careful postoperative monitoring. Etymology traces the term to Greek roots meaning a joining together or opening, reflecting the concept of creating a new junction between structures.