Ametropi

Ametropi is a refractive error of the eye where light entering the eye does not focus precisely on the retina. This misalignment causes blurred vision. The three most common types of ametropia are myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism. Myopia, or nearsightedness, occurs when the eye focuses images in front of the retina, leading to difficulty seeing distant objects clearly. Hyperopia, or farsightedness, happens when the eye focuses images behind the retina, causing blurry vision for near objects, though in some cases, distance vision can also be affected. Astigmatism is characterized by an irregular curvature of the cornea or lens, resulting in distorted vision at all distances.

Ametropia is often caused by genetic factors or developmental changes in the eye's shape or length. Environmental influences may also play a role. Symptoms typically include blurred vision, eye strain, headaches, and squinting. Diagnosis is made through a comprehensive eye examination by an optometrist or ophthalmologist.

Treatment for ametropia aims to correct the refractive error so that light focuses properly on the retina. Common corrective methods include eyeglasses, contact lenses, and refractive surgery such as LASIK or PRK. The specific treatment recommended depends on the type and severity of the ametropia, as well as the individual's lifestyle and preferences. Regular eye check-ups are important for monitoring ametropia and ensuring appropriate management.