Acanthophora

Acanthophora is a genus of red algae in the family Rhodomelaceae, within the order Ceramiales. Species of Acanthophora are marine rhodophytes found in tropical and subtropical seas around the world, with the most well-known species being Acanthophora spicifera, described from the Indo-Pacific region.

Members have a thallus that is branched and articulated. Branches are often cylindrical and may bear pronounced spine-like projections along the margins or on internodes. The growth form can range from delicate, feathery structures to stouter, whip-like branches. They attach to rocky substrates, coral rubble, or seagrass beds by a holdfast.

Like other red algae, Acanthophora exhibits an alternation of generations with both sexual and asexual stages. Carpospores, tetrasporangia, and conceptacles are typical features; exact arrangements vary among species.

Found in shallow subtidal zones to moderate depths in reefs and coastal areas, often in well-lit habitats. They contribute to the algal canopy and provide microhabitats for invertebrates. They can be susceptible to grazing by herbivores such as snails and sea urchins.

The genus comprises several species, and species delimitation has been subject to revision as molecular data refine relationships within Rhodomelaceae. Acanthophora species are sometimes cultivated or displayed in marine aquaria, though they are not a major food source.