4x12

4x12 is a dimension that appears in several different contexts, most commonly in construction lumber and in music equipment. In woodworking and building, it refers to a piece of lumber with a nominal cross-section of 4 inches by 12 inches. Because of milling and finishing, the actual dimensions are typically about 3.5 inches by 11.25 inches. This size is used for various load-bearing or framing members, such as headers, beams, or other structural components, and is chosen for its strength and span requirements. The length of a 4x12 piece can vary widely depending on the project and local building practices.

In the realm of audio equipment, a 4x12 cabinet refers to a large guitar speaker cabinet that houses four 12-inch speakers. These cabinets are popular for live performances and loud stage environments due to their strong projection and wide frequency response. Specifications such as impedance and wattage depend on the speakers inside and the cabinet’s wiring configuration. Common configurations present impedances of 8 or 16 ohms, often arranged to balance compatibility with guitar amplifiers and to achieve desired tonal characteristics. Construction commonly uses plywood or other sturdy wood with a protective exterior finish and a front grille to shield the speakers.

Other specialized uses may reference 4x12 in informal contexts, such as packaging or other dimensional shorthand, but the two above — nominal lumber dimensions and four‑speaker guitar cabinets — are the predominant meanings. The term is usually understood from context, whether discussing construction practices or guitar rig setups.