4C31

4C31 is a designation used in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) to refer to a specific type of malignant neoplasm. The "4" indicates that it is a malignant tumor, the "C" signifies that it is a neoplasm of the breast, and the "31" refers to the specific subtype of breast cancer. This particular subtype is characterized by a specific pattern of gene expression and is often associated with a more aggressive clinical course compared to other breast cancer subtypes.

The 4C31 subtype is defined by the expression of the genes CCND1, CCNE1, and CDK6, which are involved in cell cycle regulation. This subtype is also known to overexpress the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR), which can influence its response to hormonal therapies. The 4C31 subtype is relatively rare, accounting for approximately 1-2% of all breast cancers.

The diagnosis of 4C31 breast cancer typically involves a combination of clinical examination, imaging studies, and histopathological analysis of a biopsy specimen. Treatment options for 4C31 breast cancer may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies, depending on the stage of the disease and the patient's overall health. The prognosis for patients with 4C31 breast cancer can vary, but it is generally considered to be poorer than for other subtypes of breast cancer due to its aggressive nature.