2hydroxypropane123tricarboxylic

2-hydroxypropane, more commonly known as isopropanol or isopropyl alcohol, is a simple secondary alcohol with the chemical formula C3H8O (often written as (CH3)2CHOH). Its structure features a central carbon bonded to a hydroxyl group, two methyl groups, and a hydrogen. It is a colorless, miscible liquid with a characteristic odor.

Production and properties: Isopropanol is produced mainly by the direct hydration of propylene or by catalytic hydrogenation of acetone. It is highly miscible with water and most organic solvents, has a boiling point of about 82.6 °C, and a density of roughly 0.785 g/mL at 20 °C. It is flammable and forms flammable vapors that can travel along surfaces. It readily evaporates at room temperature and is used as a solvent in numerous industries.

Applications: The solvent properties of isopropanol make it widely used in coatings, inks, resins, and cleaning formulations. It is a common antiseptic component in hand sanitizers and disinfectants, typically used in concentrations around 60–99%. It also serves as a laboratory solvent and as a cleaning agent for electronic components, glassware, and other equipment.

Chemical behavior: As a secondary alcohol, isopropanol can be oxidized to acetone and can undergo dehydration to propene under acidic conditions. It forms esters with carboxylic acids and can act as a cosolvent in various chemical processes. Its volatility and solvent strength are balanced by relatively moderate toxicity compared with some other alcohols.

Safety and handling: Isopropanol is a flammable liquid and its vapors can form explosive mixtures with air. It can irritate the eyes, skin, and respiratory system; exposure should be minimized. It should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from oxidizers and heat sources, in containers suited to flammable liquids.