24V

24V refers to a nominal electrical voltage of 24 volts, and is most commonly used to describe direct current (DC) power systems, though 24V can also appear as an AC supply in some control applications. The designation indicates the intended operating voltage for equipment and wiring, with actual voltages varying based on battery state, chemistry, and regulation.

In DC installations, 24V is typically produced by connecting two 12V batteries in series, by DC-DC converters from higher-voltage sources, or by dedicated 24V battery chemistries such as lead-acid or certain lithium-based packs. In AC contexts, 24V AC serves as a low-voltage control supply for devices like doorbells, thermostats, control panels, and some HVAC components. The exact voltage that equipment experiences depends on the battery state of charge or the regulation of the power supply.

Applications for 24V systems are widespread and include industrial automation, robotics, programmable logic controllers, building management and smart lighting, telecom equipment, solar microgrids, and mobile equipment such as forklifts and recreational vehicles. The 24V level balances reasonably low current for power transmission with practical safety and component availability, enabling efficient wiring and components that are robust yet compact.

Advantages include lower conductor losses and smaller cabling compared with higher currents required at lower voltages, and compatibility with a wide range of motors, sensors, and control devices. Safety considerations classify 24V as low voltage, but contact and short-circuit hazards remain, so appropriate protections, fusing, and proper grounding are essential. Equipment labeled 24V DC or 24V AC is not interchangeable, and power sources must match the intended polarity and waveform.