19181919

19181919 refers to the period spanning the final phase of World War I and the early postwar years in 1919. It was characterized by an armistice that ended combat in November 1918, followed by widespread political, economic, and social upheaval as nations sought to redraw borders and establish new governments.

The end of the war led to the dissolution or restructuring of major empires, notably Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire, and the emergence of new states in Central and Eastern Europe. Countries such as Czechoslovakia, Poland, and others were newly independent or redefined states in the wake of redrawn boundaries. Germany transitioned from imperial rule to a republic, with the Weimar Constitution finalized in 1919. The Paris Peace Conference began in 1919 to formulate the postwar settlement, resulting in the Treaty of Versailles with Germany (signed June 28, 1919) and separate treaties addressing Austria and other states.

Concurrently, internal and regional conflicts persisted. In Germany, the Spartacist uprising in January 1919 and the Bavarian Soviet Republic in April 1919 reflected revolutionary tensions. In Russia, the civil war continued amid broader political realignments elsewhere. The period was also marked by the influenza pandemic of 1918–1919, which caused substantial loss of life and further strained health services and economies worldwide.

The 1918–1919 interval thus set the stage for the interwar order: new borders and governments, a framework for international diplomacy, and social and economic challenges that influenced policy and conflict throughout the 1920s.