1448

1448 (MCDXLVIII) was a leap year in the Julian calendar. As a year in the late Middle Ages, it formed part of a period characterized by dynastic politics, territorial conflicts, and evolving state institutions across various regions of the world.

In Europe, political and military activity continued as medieval polities navigated shifting alliances and rivalries that had arisen from earlier conflicts. The Balkans remained a region of strategic interest for expanding empires, while Western and Central European realms pursued diplomacy, trade, and occasional warfare within the framework of feudal and emerging early-modern governance. The Iberian kingdoms pursued ongoing efforts related to the Reconquista, and Italian city-states maintained their commercial and political influence within a dynamic panorama of alliances.

In Asia, the Ming dynasty in China maintained centralized rule and frontier administration, governing a large and diverse realm. Japan, during the Muromachi period, saw governance exercised through the Ashikaga shogunate amid regional daimyō and factional power. Other regions of Asia and Africa were characterized by a variety of polities and local systems of authority, each adapting to changing economic and military conditions of the era.

In the Americas, Indigenous societies continued their diverse social, political, and cultural developments independent of European colonial frameworks that would intensify in later centuries.

As with many medieval years, precise events and dates vary by region, and historical records from 1448 differ in detail. The year sits within a broader context of late medieval transition toward early modern state formation, with ongoing shifts in governance, conflict, and commerce shaping the decades that followed.