ülelendamisõigus

Ülelendamisõigus, often translated as the right of overflight, is a legal concept primarily concerning international air law. It refers to the right of an aircraft to fly over the territory of a foreign state without landing. This right is not absolute and is subject to various international treaties and domestic regulations.

The foundational principle of ülelendamisõigus is enshrined in international agreements such as the Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation. While the convention recognizes the sovereignty of states over their airspace, it also acknowledges the need for freedom of transit for international civil aviation. This allows aircraft of one contracting state to fly across the territory of another without landing, provided it complies with regulations.

However, states have the right to impose certain conditions on overflight. These conditions typically include requiring prior notification, adherence to designated airways, and compliance with safety and security regulations. States can also deny the right of overflight for national security reasons or if it conflicts with international obligations. For non-scheduled flights, special permission is usually necessary.

The principle of ülelendamisõigus is crucial for the efficient and safe operation of global air transport, facilitating international travel and trade. It balances the sovereign rights of states with the practical necessities of a connected world.