õpiti

õpiti is the past tense, passive form of the Estonian verb õppima, meaning to learn or study. It expresses that learning or being taught occurred in the past without specifying who performed the action. In Estonian grammar, the past passive is formed with the suffix -ti, yielding õpiti from õppima. The corresponding active past tense is õppis (he/she studied), while the present passive is peegeldatud by õpitakse (is learned / is being learned).

Use and meaning: õpiti is common in historical, educational, and general descriptive contexts where the agent is unknown or unimportant. It emphasizes the result of learning rather than who carried it out. For example: Seda tehnikat õpiti mitu kuud. This technique was studied for several months. See oskus õpiti koolis. This skill was learned at school.

Related forms: the past passive participle õpitud, meaning “learned” or “taught,” is used attributively as in õpitud oskus (a learned skill). The verb also forms the present passive õpitakse (it is learned / one learns), and the active past tense is õppis (he/she studied).

In summary, õpiti functions as a grammatical tool for describing past learning events in a non-agentive, impersonal way, making it a common feature of Estonian educational and historical prose.