õlud

Õlud is the Estonian plural form of õlu, meaning beer. In everyday usage, õlud can refer to beers in general or to multiple varieties, brands, or kinds of beer when discussing more than one drink.

Etymology and form: The word õlu originates from the Proto-Finnic root *olu and is cognate with the Finnish word olut. The plural is formed by adding the suffix -d, yielding õlud. The term is used mainly in Estonian to discuss beer as a category rather than a specific product.

Production and varieties: Beer is produced by fermenting malted grains, typically barley, with water, hops, and yeast. In Estonia, the market includes large national breweries as well as numerous craft producers. Common styles include lagers and ales, with a growing assortment of specialty and craft beers that experiment with ingredients and flavors.

History and culture: Beer has a long history in Estonia, with brewing traditions dating back to the medieval period. Over time, production shifted from small-scale to industrial, while in recent decades craft beer has expanded. Beer is a popular beverage in social settings, pubs, and festivals, and is widely available in retail and hospitality venues.

Regulation and consumption: Like other alcoholic beverages, beer in Estonia is subject to legal age restrictions, with the minimum drinking age set at 18. Consumption patterns vary by region and season, and beer is commonly paired with meals and events.