écourtering

Écourtering is a horticultural practice primarily applied to trees and shrubs. It involves the removal of the upper portion of a tree or the ends of branches, which typically leads to the growth of new shoots from the remaining lateral buds. This technique is distinct from topping, which is a more severe and often detrimental removal of large branches indiscriminately.

The purpose of écourtering can vary. It is commonly used in fruit tree cultivation to encourage the production of fruiting spurs and to manage tree size for easier harvesting. In some ornamental landscaping contexts, it can be employed to maintain a desired shape or size, or to rejuvenate older, overgrown plants by stimulating new growth. Historically, it was also used for coppicing, where trees were repeatedly cut back to ground level to produce wood for fuel or construction.

When performed correctly, écourtering can be a beneficial pruning method. However, improper technique, such as cutting too far back or leaving stubs, can lead to weak regrowth, disease, and a less aesthetically pleasing tree. The timing of the practice is also important, generally occurring during the dormant season to minimize stress on the plant. Different species of trees and shrubs respond differently to écourtering, and understanding these responses is crucial for successful application.