Állkapocstágító

Állkapocstágító, also known as a jaw expander, is a dental appliance used to widen the upper jaw. It is most commonly prescribed for children and adolescents whose upper jaw is too narrow to accommodate all of their permanent teeth, a condition known as a transverse discrepancy or posterior crossbite.

There are several types of állkapocstágító, but they all function by applying gentle, sustained pressure to the maxilla (upper jawbone). This pressure stimulates the midpalatal suture, the joint in the middle of the roof of the mouth, to gradually separate. Over time, this separation allows the two halves of the upper jaw to grow wider.

The most common type is a fixed palatal expander, often referred to as a Hyrax or Haas expander. This device is typically cemented to the molars in the upper jaw and features a central screw that the patient or their parents turn regularly. This turning action activates the expander, widening the upper jaw. Removable expanders also exist, which are worn like a retainer but are less commonly used for significant expansion.

The expansion process usually takes several weeks to months, depending on the age of the patient and the degree of expansion needed. Once the desired width is achieved, the expander is often left in place for a few additional months to allow bone to form in the newly created space, stabilizing the expansion.

The primary goal of using an állkapocstágító is to create enough space in the upper jaw for proper tooth alignment, which can reduce the need for future orthodontic extractions or complex treatments. It can also improve bite function and facial aesthetics.