zuòchán

Zuochan is the Chinese term for seated meditation, a core practice in many East Asian Buddhist traditions, particularly Chan (Zen) Buddhism. It is characterized by a specific posture, often the lotus or half-lotus position, though other stable seated postures are also acceptable. The emphasis is on stillness and the cultivation of awareness.

The practice typically involves sitting upright, with the spine aligned, the hands resting in a specific mudra (hand gesture), and the eyes either closed or softly gazing downwards. The breath is often used as an anchor for attention, with the practitioner observing the natural inhalation and exhalation without trying to control it. The mind is allowed to wander, and practitioners are encouraged to observe thoughts and sensations without judgment or attachment, gently returning their attention to the breath when it drifts.

Zuochan is not merely about relaxation; it is a disciplined method for developing concentration, insight, and wisdom. Through sustained practice, it aims to quiet the incessant chatter of the mind, leading to a deeper understanding of the nature of reality and the self. This practice is seen as a direct path to awakening, allowing individuals to perceive the present moment with clarity and equanimity. It is often taught and practiced in monastic settings, but is also accessible to lay practitioners seeking spiritual development.