yskänrefleksin

Yskänrefleksin, commonly known as the cough reflex, is a vital physiological mechanism designed to protect the respiratory tract. It is a protective reflex that expels irritants, foreign particles, and excess mucus from the airways. This complex reflex involves a coordinated sequence of events that begins with the detection of a stimulus.

The process is initiated when sensory receptors in the lining of the respiratory passages, such as the pharynx, larynx, trachea, and bronchi, are stimulated. These stimuli can include inhaled particles like dust, smoke, or allergens, as well as internal factors such as inflammation or the presence of phlegm. Once activated, these receptors send signals via the vagus nerve to the brainstem, specifically to the cough center located in the medulla oblongata.

Upon receiving the signal, the cough center orchestrates the motor response. This typically involves a deep inhalation followed by a forceful exhalation. During the exhalation phase, the glottis, the opening between the vocal cords, is briefly closed, leading to a buildup of pressure in the lungs. When the glottis suddenly opens, air is expelled at high velocity, carrying with it any irritants or mucus that were present in the airways. This forceful expulsion helps to clear the respiratory passages and prevent potential infections or damage. The cough reflex is a crucial defense mechanism for maintaining clear and healthy lungs.