yaxes

Y-axes, in mathematics and data visualization, refer to the vertical axis of a two-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system. It is perpendicular to the x-axis, and they intersect at the origin. The y-axis typically carries the dependent variable, with values increasing as one moves upward. The axis is marked with a scale, tick marks, and labels that indicate the units and magnitude of the values being plotted. Gridlines or background shading are common to aid reading coordinates.

In graphs, it is common to show more than one y-axis when combining datasets with different ranges or units. A secondary y-axis may be placed on the right side of the plot, each axis having its own scale and tick marks but sharing the same x-axis. This allows visualization of trends across series but can introduce misinterpretation if axes are not clearly labeled and synchronized.

In higher dimensions, the y-axis remains one of the principal axes of the coordinate system. In 3D plots, it is typically one of the axes alongside the x- and z-axes, representing a vertical dimension in typical diagrams. The orientation and naming of axes can vary by convention, especially in nonstandard coordinate systems, but y generally denotes the vertical or up-direction in ordinary two-dimensional graphs.

In software and plotting libraries, yaxes or yaxis configurations control properties such as range, tick spacing, labels, and color. Understanding the y-axis is fundamental to interpreting any Cartesian plot.