yardan

A yardang is a streamlined bedrock or erosional remnant landform found in arid and semi-arid regions. Yardangs are sculpted by wind erosion, specifically by the abrasive action of sand-laden winds. They typically form from relatively soft rock, such as sandstone, but can also be found in harder rocks. The characteristic shape of a yardang is often elongated and asymmetrical, with a steep, windward face and a more gently sloping, leeward face. This morphology arises from the differential erosion of the rock, with the prevailing wind carrying abrasive particles that wear away the rock more effectively from the front and sides.

Yardangs can vary significantly in size, from a few centimeters to many kilometers in length and height. They are commonly found in large groups or fields, creating a landscape of parallel ridges and troughs. The orientation of yardangs is generally aligned with the dominant wind direction. They are excellent indicators of past and present wind patterns. The formation of yardangs is a slow process, requiring prolonged exposure to wind and sediment transport. They are often associated with deserts and other arid environments where there is sufficient wind energy and a lack of vegetation to stabilize the ground. Observing yardang fields can provide valuable insights into the geomorphic history of a region.