vérnyomása

Vérnyomás, often translated as blood pressure, is the force exerted by circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels. It is a vital sign, reflecting the efficiency of the cardiovascular system. Blood pressure is typically measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and has two main components: systolic and diastolic pressure. Systolic pressure is the higher number, representing the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats and pumps blood. Diastolic pressure is the lower number, indicating the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats.

Normal blood pressure is generally considered to be around 120/80 mmHg, though this can vary slightly depending on individual factors. Consistently high blood pressure, known as hypertension, is a significant risk factor for serious health problems such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney failure. Conversely, low blood pressure, or hypotension, can lead to symptoms like dizziness, fainting, and fatigue, and in severe cases, can indicate underlying medical conditions.

Blood pressure is influenced by numerous factors including age, genetics, diet, exercise levels, stress, and certain medications. Regular monitoring of blood pressure is recommended, especially for individuals with a family history of cardiovascular issues or other risk factors. Lifestyle modifications, such as maintaining a healthy weight, regular physical activity, and a balanced diet, can help manage blood pressure. In some cases, medication may be prescribed by a healthcare professional to control persistently high or low blood pressure.