vääntövoimalle

Vääntövoimalle, commonly referred to as torque, is a rotational force that causes an object to rotate about an axis. It is the twisting equivalent of linear force. Torque is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction. The magnitude of torque is determined by the amount of force applied and the distance from the pivot point to where the force is applied. This distance is often called the lever arm. Mathematically, torque (τ) is calculated as the cross product of the position vector (r) from the pivot point to the point of force application and the force vector (F): τ = r × F.

The SI unit for torque is the newton-meter (N·m). In some contexts, like automotive engineering, the pound-foot (lb-ft) is also used. Torque is crucial in many mechanical systems. For instance, in an engine, torque is what turns the crankshaft, ultimately powering the vehicle. Wrenches and screwdrivers work by applying torque to nuts, bolts, and screws. The concept of torque is fundamental to understanding rotational motion, angular momentum, and the behavior of rotating machinery. A greater torque will cause a greater angular acceleration for a given moment of inertia, analogous to how a greater linear force causes a greater linear acceleration for a given mass.