vibrotaktile

Vibrotaktile refers to tactile feedback produced by controlled mechanical vibrations that convey information or sensations to the user. This form of haptic feedback is used in human–computer interfaces, wearables, and assistive technologies to provide non-visual cues and enhance interaction when visual or auditory channels are limited or overloaded.

Technically, vibrotaktile feedback relies on actuators that generate vibrations. Common devices include eccentric rotating mass motors, linear resonant actuators, and piezoelectric actuators. These actuators differ in frequency response, force, energy use, and form factor. Control strategies range from simple on-off patterns to frequency and amplitude modulation and complex temporal sequences used to encode information.

Perception and design considerations include the limited bandwidth of the tactile sense, which often requires conveying information through discrete patterns, spatial localization across actuator arrays, and short bursts rather than continuous signals. Designers must address sensory adaptation, masking by ambient vibrations, and user comfort. Multi-channel arrays can provide direction cues and richer tactile scenes.

Applications and research span consumer electronics, including smartphones and game controllers, as well as virtual reality interfaces, medical devices, and assistive technologies for the visually impaired. Ongoing work explores tactile displays, wearable haptic systems, optimization of energy efficiency, perceptual effectiveness, and safety aspects related to prolonged exposure and device comfort.