vetoõigust

Vetoõigus, derived from the Latin word for "I forbid," is the power of an individual or group to unilaterally stop an action or decision, even if a majority agrees with it. This power is most commonly associated with the legislative process in various governmental systems, where it allows an executive branch, such as a president or monarch, to reject bills passed by the legislature.

In many democratic countries, the executive veto serves as a check and balance on the legislative branch, preventing the hasty passage of laws or laws that the executive believes are detrimental to the public good. However, legislative bodies often have the power to override a veto, typically requiring a supermajority vote, such as two-thirds of the members. This override mechanism ensures that a veto is not an absolute power and that the legislature can still enact its will if it has sufficient support.

The concept of veto power also extends beyond national legislatures. It can be found in international organizations, where certain member states may possess veto power on specific decisions, thereby preventing collective action. Within corporations or other organizations, specific shareholders or board members might hold veto rights over certain corporate actions. The specific scope and limitations of veto power vary significantly depending on the context and the governing rules of the body in question.