venymät

Venymät (singular venymä) is a Finnish term used in physics, engineering and biomechanics to describe elongation or deformation that occurs when a body is subjected to force. The plural form venymät is used for multiple elongations or strains, while venymä refers to a single elongation. The verb venyä means to stretch, extend or elongate.

In materials science, venymä refers to strain, the relative change in length ΔL/L0 resulting from stress. It is dimensionless and often expressed as a percentage (percent venymä). In tensile tests, venymä is reported at yield, at maximum load, and at break. Elastic venymä is reversible; plastic venymä is permanent.

In biology and medicine, venymä describes the stretch or deformation of tissues under load, reflecting viscoelastic properties of muscles, tendons, ligaments and connective tissue. The concept helps in understanding injury mechanisms and the mechanical behavior of tissues.

Measurement and standards: venymä is measured with extensometers or strain gauges during mechanical testing; values depend on material history, temperature and rate of loading.

In usage, venymä is one aspect of material performance alongside stiffness (Young's modulus), strength and toughness.

See also: strain, deformation, elasticity, Young's modulus, tensile test, viscoelasticity.

Word of caution: Venymä is primarily used in Finnish-language texts; in English discussions the equivalent term 'strain' is used.