vektskåring

Vektskåring is a method used to assign weights to different criteria and compute a composite score for evaluation and decision making. The term combines the idea of weight (vekt) and scoring (skåring) to reflect the relative importance of each criterion in an overall assessment. In practice, a set of criteria is identified, each given a weight that expresses its importance, and the individual scores for each criterion are combined, typically by multiplying the criterion score by its weight and summing the results.

Applications of vektskåring appear across many fields, including multi-criteria decision analysis, risk assessment, credit scoring, supplier evaluation, and performance appraisal. The approach enables prioritization and trade-offs when no single criterion should dominate the outcome. Methods to determine weights vary from expert judgment and stakeholder preferences to formal techniques such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), pairwise comparisons, or data-driven approaches using historical outcomes to calibrate weights.

Normalization is often applied to ensure comparability among criteria, especially when scores come from different scales. Common calculation forms include total score = sum of (weight i × score i), with weights summing to 1 (or to 100). Weights may be fixed for a given context or updated as new information becomes available.

Limitations include subjectivity in weight assignment, potential bias, and sensitivity to changes in weights. Transparent documentation and sensitivity analysis are important to understand how weight choices affect outcomes and to maintain trust in the results. See also weighted scoring, multi-criteria decision analysis, and decision-analytic methodologies.