varmvarme

Varmvarme is a term used in several Nordic languages to describe thermal energy supplied to buildings for space heating and related needs. The word is formed from varm (warm) and varme (heat). In practice, varmvarme refers to heat delivered through centralized systems, such as district heating networks, rather than to domestic hot water alone.

Varmvarme is typically produced at central plants that burn fossil fuels, biomass, or waste, or that recover heat from industrial processes, electricity generation, or other sources. The heat is distributed via insulated pipes carrying hot water or steam to buildings, where it is transferred to indoor spaces and, in some cases, to domestic hot water systems. Delivery temperatures are generally high enough to ensure reliable space heating but can vary by climate and network design.

Domestic hot water for drinking and cleaning is usually called varmvatten, while varmvarme emphasizes space heating. District heating offers opportunities to utilize renewables and surplus heat, improving overall energy efficiency. Decarbonization efforts focus on fuel-switching, improving network insulation, integrating heat pumps, and expanding solar thermal and waste-heat recovery.

Usage of varmvarme is common in many Nordic cities, where centralized heating reduces the need for individual boilers and can support urban energy planning and climate goals. Infrastructure investments and regulatory frameworks affect the speed and scope of expansion.

See also: district heating, heat pump, energy efficiency, renewable energy.