vapaaradikaalista

Vapaaradikaali is a Finnish term that translates to "free radical." In chemistry, a free radical is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired valence electron. This unpaired electron makes free radicals highly reactive. They are often formed as byproducts of normal metabolic processes in the body, such as the breakdown of food for energy or the immune system's response to pathogens.

Free radicals can also be generated by external factors like exposure to radiation, pollution, and cigarette smoke. When free radicals are present in the body in excessive amounts, they can cause damage to cells, DNA, and proteins. This cellular damage is known as oxidative stress, and it has been linked to a variety of chronic diseases, including heart disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

The body has natural defense mechanisms against free radicals called antioxidants. Antioxidants are molecules that can neutralize free radicals by donating an electron, thus stabilizing them and preventing them from causing damage. The body produces some antioxidants on its own, while others are obtained from the diet, such as vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, and selenium. Maintaining a balance between free radical production and antioxidant defense is crucial for good health.