utgör

Utgör is a Swedish verb meaning to constitute, form, make up, or comprise. It is used to express that certain parts together form a whole or to indicate the size, share, or importance of something within a larger context. In English, it is often translated as constitutes, makes up, or accounts for.

Etymology and form: The verb is built from the prefix ut- combined with göra (to do, to make). The infinitive is utgöra. The present tense forms include utgör (third person singular). The passive form utgörs can be used in appropriate constructions. The past tense is utgjorde and the supine is utgjort. These forms are common in formal or written Swedish, especially in statistics, reports, and legal or administrative language.

Usage and examples: Utgör is frequently used with a direct object or with a dummy subject det. Examples: Denna andel utgör en tredjedel av projektet. Sverige utgör en av de största ekonomierna i Norden. Det utgörs av flera komponenter när man beskriver systemet. In statistics or descriptions of composition, phrases like “utgör … av” are common to indicate what the whole consists of (it is made up of).

Nuances and related terms: Utgör conveys the act of forming or constituting, while bestå av is more strictly about what something consists of. Synonyms include bilda or utgöra in similar contexts. The choice between utgör and utgörs av depends on whether you emphasize the forming action or the component makeup.

See also: göra, bilda, bestå av.