unku

Unku is a traditional garment worn by indigenous peoples of the Andes, particularly in regions such as Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, and Chile. The word "unku" originates from the Quechua language, meaning "cloak" or "mantle," and refers to a long, rectangular piece of fabric worn over the shoulders, often secured with a pin or brooch. It serves both practical and cultural purposes, providing warmth in the high-altitude, cold climate of the Andes while also symbolizing identity, status, and heritage.

The unku is typically made from natural fibers such as wool, alpaca, or vicuña, reflecting the region’s agricultural and textile traditions. The fabric is often handwoven, showcasing intricate patterns, colors, and designs that vary by community. These patterns may carry symbolic meanings, such as geometric shapes representing mountains, animals, or spiritual concepts. The garment is versatile, worn by men, women, and children, and can be styled in various ways depending on the occasion—from everyday use to formal ceremonies.

In contemporary Andean culture, the unku remains an important symbol of indigenous heritage and resistance. It is frequently incorporated into modern fashion, blending traditional craftsmanship with contemporary styles. Additionally, the unku is featured in cultural festivals, such as the Inti Raymi in Peru, where it is worn as part of traditional attire. Efforts to preserve and promote unku-making have gained traction, with artisans and cooperatives working to sustain these age-old techniques while adapting to global markets. The garment continues to be a living testament to the resilience and creativity of Andean communities.