unepuudus

Unepuudus (sleep deprivation) is a state resulting from insufficient or poor-quality sleep that impairs daytime functioning. It can be acute, lasting one or a few days, or chronic, persisting for weeks or longer.

Common causes include voluntary late nights, shift work, caregiving, and lifestyle factors such as caffeine, alcohol, and screen use before bed, as well as medical or psychological conditions like insomnia, sleep apnea, chronic pain, or stress.

Symptoms include daytime sleepiness, reduced concentration and memory, slower reaction times, irritability, mood swings, and an increased risk of accidents or errors.

Health effects: Short-term deprivation affects cognition and safety; long-term lack of sleep is associated with higher risks of cardiovascular disease, obesity, type 2 diabetes, immune changes, and mental health disorders.

Diagnosis is based on self-reported sleep duration and daytime impairment. Clinicians may use sleep diaries, actigraphy, or polysomnography to evaluate possible sleep disorders.

Treatment focuses on improving sleep quantity and quality. Key strategies include regular sleep schedules, a conducive sleep environment, avoiding caffeine and screens before bedtime, and addressing underlying conditions (for example, CPAP for sleep apnea or cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia). In the short term, planned napping or caffeine can help, but should be used cautiously.

If symptoms persist or daytime impairment is severe, consult a healthcare professional.