underutbildning

Underutbildning is a term used to describe a level of education that is considered insufficient for the demands of work or society. In education and labor market research, it refers to individuals whose formal schooling or credentials are below a defined standard, and who therefore may have limited access to certain jobs or advancement opportunities.

The concept is often used in relation to educational attainment, dropout rates, and credential gaps. It can apply to people who have not completed compulsory schooling, have low-level qualifications, or whose education does not match the requirements of available employment. Definitions and thresholds for underutbildning vary by country, context, and the specific indicators used in studies.

Causes of underutbildning are diverse and can include early school leaving, socio-economic barriers, language or integration challenges, health or disability factors, and gaps in the education system or access to effective support services. Consequences for individuals frequently manifest as reduced employment prospects, lower earnings, and greater risk of social exclusion. At the societal level, higher levels of underutbildning can affect economic growth, productivity, and social mobility.

Policy responses typically focus on improving access to education and training, including remedial courses, adult education, vocational training, language support, and flexible learning pathways. Early intervention, targeted outreach, and reinforced transitions between education levels are common elements of strategies aimed at reducing underutbildning.

See also: educational attainment, grundskola, gymnasieskola, komvux, education policy.