uczulenia

Uczulenia, also known as allergies, are immune system responses to typically harmless substances, known as allergens. These responses can range from mild to severe and can affect various parts of the body, including the skin, eyes, nose, and lungs. Common allergens include pollen, dust mites, pet dander, and certain foods. Allergies are more prevalent in certain populations, such as children and adults with a family history of allergies.

The immune system's role in allergies involves the production of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When an individual is exposed to an allergen, the immune system produces IgE antibodies specific to that allergen. Upon subsequent exposure, these IgE antibodies bind to mast cells and basophils, leading to the release of histamine and other mediators. These mediators cause the characteristic symptoms of an allergic reaction, such as itching, swelling, and inflammation.

Allergies can be managed through various methods, including avoidance of allergens, antihistamines, and in severe cases, immunotherapy. Immunotherapy involves gradually exposing the individual to small amounts of the allergen to desensitize the immune system. The goal of allergy management is to reduce the severity and frequency of allergic reactions, improving the quality of life for those affected.