tömegformálásnak

Tömegformálásnak, also known as mass forming, is a manufacturing process used to shape materials, typically metals, into desired forms without the significant removal of material, unlike subtractive manufacturing processes like machining. Instead of cutting away excess material, mass forming relies on plastic deformation to alter the shape of the workpiece. This is achieved by applying forces that exceed the material's yield strength, causing it to flow and take on the geometry of the tooling used.

Common mass forming techniques include forging, stamping, extrusion, drawing, and rolling. Forging involves shaping metal using localized compressive forces, often with hammers or presses. Stamping utilizes dies and punches to cut, bend, or shape sheet metal. Extrusion forces material through a die to create long, continuous profiles. Drawing reduces the cross-section of a wire or rod by pulling it through a die. Rolling shapes materials, typically in sheet or bar form, by passing them between rotating rolls.

The advantages of mass forming include high material utilization, as little to no material is wasted. This leads to cost savings and reduced environmental impact. The process can also produce parts with excellent mechanical properties due to the work hardening and grain refinement that occur during deformation. Furthermore, mass forming is often highly efficient for producing large quantities of identical parts, making it suitable for mass production. The initial tooling costs can be high, but these are amortized over the large production runs.