täiteaineet

Täiteaineet, often translated as fillers, are substances added to materials to reduce their cost or to improve their properties. They are commonly used in plastics, paints, coatings, adhesives, and construction materials. The choice of filler depends on the specific application and the desired outcome.

In plastics, fillers can reduce the amount of more expensive polymer resin needed, thereby lowering the overall cost of the product. They can also enhance mechanical properties such as stiffness, strength, and impact resistance. Common plastic fillers include calcium carbonate, talc, glass fibers, and carbon black. For instance, calcium carbonate is often used in PVC pipes and window profiles to increase rigidity and reduce cost, while glass fibers are added to plastics to improve tensile strength and heat resistance.

In paints and coatings, fillers, also known as extenders, are used to increase opacity, improve texture, and reduce gloss. They can also contribute to durability and resistance to abrasion. Examples include kaolin clay, barytes, and diatomaceous earth. Kaolin clay is frequently used in water-based paints to provide a matte finish and improve rheology, while barytes can enhance chemical resistance.

In adhesives and sealants, fillers can modify viscosity, improve gap filling capabilities, and reduce shrinkage. They can also affect thermal and electrical conductivity. Silica, alumina, and various minerals are commonly employed. For example, fumed silica is used in many adhesives to thicken the formulation and prevent sagging, while aluminum powder can be added to sealants for improved thermal conductivity.

The use oftäiteaineet is widespread across many industries due to their versatility and economic benefits. They play a crucial role in tailoring the performance and cost-effectiveness of a vast range of everyday products and industrial materials.