turnera

Turnera is a genus of flowering plants in the family Passifloraceae. The genus comprises about 120 species, native to the tropical and subtropical Americas, with a few species extending into the southern United States. These plants are generally herbaceous or shrubby, with simple, alternate leaves, often serrated or lobed. The flowers are typically actinomorphic and have five petals, often brightly colored in shades of yellow, orange, or pink. Many species are also characterized by their hairy sepals and stamens.

One of the most well-known species is Turnera diffusa, commonly known as damiana. Damiana has a long history of traditional use as an aphrodisiac and for its purported medicinal properties. It is a shrub native to Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean, with aromatic leaves and small, yellow flowers. Another notable species is Turnera ulmifolia, also called calendula or yellow alder, which is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant for its attractive yellow flowers. It is also found naturally in Mexico and Central America.

The genus Turnera is important for its biodiversity and its role in various ecosystems. Some species are used in folk medicine, while others are valued for their ornamental qualities. Research continues to explore the chemical compounds and potential applications of various Turnera species.