tudományosfantasztikus

Tudományosfantasztikus, commonly abbreviated as sci-fi or SF, is a genre of speculative fiction that explores imaginative concepts such as advanced science and technology, space exploration, time travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life. Rooted in scientific principles and futuristic speculation, the genre often examines the potential consequences of scientific, social, or environmental changes.

The origins of scientific fiction can be traced back to early 19th-century works like Mary Shelley’s *Frankenstein* (1818), which blended scientific experimentation with ethical dilemmas. The genre gained broader recognition in the mid-20th century with the rise of pulp magazines like *Astounding Science Fiction*, edited by Hugo Gernsback, who coined the term "scientifiction." Key figures in its development include Isaac Asimov, Arthur C. Clarke, and Ursula K. Le Guin, whose works expanded the genre’s thematic and stylistic possibilities.

Tudományosfantasztikus literature and film often serve as a medium for exploring philosophical, ethical, and societal questions. Subgenres include cyberpunk (e.g., *Neuromancer* by William Gibson), space opera (e.g., *Star Wars*), and dystopian fiction (e.g., *1984* by George Orwell). The genre also encompasses hard sci-fi, which prioritizes scientific accuracy, and soft sci-fi, which focuses more on humanistic themes.

Beyond literature, scientific fiction has influenced film, television, and video games, shaping cultural narratives about technology and humanity’s future. Its themes frequently address real-world issues, such as climate change, artificial intelligence, and the ethics of genetic engineering, making it both a form of entertainment and a tool for critical reflection. The genre continues to evolve, reflecting advancements in science and shifting societal concerns.