träna

Träna is a Swedish verb meaning to exercise, practice, or train. It covers physical conditioning, skill development through repetition, and general conditioning or education. In everyday use it appears in sports and fitness contexts as well as in more general goals such as training a skill or preparing for a competition. The noun form träning refers to the act or process of training.

Etymology and related forms: Träna is of Germanic origin, with cognates in other Scandinavian languages such as Norwegian trenar/trene and Danish træne. The related noun träning means training, while tränare denotes a coach or trainer. The verb forms connect to common Germanic roots for practice and discipline.

Conjugation and usage: In present tense, the forms include jag tränar, du tränar, han/hon tränar. The simple past is tränade. The supine or past participle form is tränat and appears in perfect constructions with har or hade, as in jag har tränat or vi hade tränat. Träna can be transitive, taking a direct object (e.g., träna kroppen, träna hunden), and it can also be used with prepositional phrases to indicate the area of focus (träna inför tävlingen, träna på piano). The reflexive form träna sig is used for training oneself.

Usage notes: Träna is common in sports, physical education, and professional development. It often emphasizes repetition, discipline, and gradual improvement. A related verb, öva, emphasizes practice or drill and is sometimes used interchangeably with träna depending on nuance.

See also: träning, tränare, öva, motion, utbilda.