transvaginal

Transvaginal is an adjective used in medicine to describe an approach, procedure, or access that passes through the vagina to reach the pelvic organs. The term derives from Latin trans- meaning across or through, and vaginalis meaning of the vagina. It is used to describe methods that use the vaginal route rather than external or abdominal routes.

One of the most common uses is transvaginal ultrasound, where a probe is inserted into the vagina to obtain high-resolution images of the uterus, ovaries, and surrounding structures. This imaging modality is widely used in obstetrics and gynecology for assessing early pregnancy, evaluating pelvic pain or abnormal bleeding, and guiding certain interventions. Transvaginal access is also employed in various gynecologic surgical techniques, such as vaginal approaches to hysterectomy or repairs for pelvic organ prolapse, sometimes involving specialized instruments or implants designed for use through the vaginal canal.

Safety and regulatory considerations apply to transvaginal procedures and devices. While many diagnostic and surgical transvaginal techniques are routine, some transvaginal implants and devices used to treat pelvic floor disorders have raised safety concerns and prompted regulatory review or restrictions in certain jurisdictions. As with all medical procedures, patient selection, informed consent, and consideration of alternative approaches are important.

In broader use, transvaginal describes anything situated within or accessed through the vagina, and it is encountered in clinical descriptions, research, and anatomy discussions related to female reproductive health.