transhumanists

Transhumanists are proponents of transhumanism, a philosophical and cultural movement that seeks to transform the human condition through science and technology. They advocate using advances in biomedicine, information technology, cognitive science, and related fields to enhance physical and cognitive capacities, extend healthy lifespans, and reduce suffering. The movement emphasizes rational inquiry, scientific progress, individual autonomy, and ethical reflection about the implications of enhancement.

Core ideas include technologies and approaches such as gene editing, regenerative medicine, prosthetics and brain-computer interfaces, artificial intelligence and machine augmentation, nanotechnology, cryonics, and, in some circles, mind uploading. Transhumanists often argue that with careful governance, responsible innovation, and broad access, these technologies could expand human flourishing while mitigating risks. They also stress the importance of safety, informed consent, and social justice to prevent new forms of inequality.

Historically, the term and the movement emerged in the late 20th century. The Extropy Institute and the World Transhumanist Association (founded in 1998 and later renamed Humanity+) helped organize supporters and discussions around ethical, philosophical, and policy questions. Notable figures associated with the movement include Nick Bostrom, Max More, and David Pearce, while broader influence has come from futurists such as Ray Kurzweil and Vernor Vinge. Organizations and conferences continue to explore policy, ethics, and practical research related to enhancement and life extension.

Critics raise concerns about safety, social inequality, consent, identity, and existential risks, arguing that rapid change could outpace safeguards or societal adaptation. Proponents respond that proactive, inclusive governance and rigorous science can maximize benefits while reducing harms.