torquewärden

Torquewärden, or torque values, are the prescribed amounts of torque that should be applied when tightening fasteners and joints. They are a fundamental part of mechanical design and assembly, ensuring proper clamping force, joint integrity, and safety. The values are specified by manufacturers or standards bodies and depend on factors such as bolt diameter, thread pitch, material, lubrication, and whether the threads are dry or lubricated.

Common units for torques include newton-meters (N·m) and pound-feet (lbf·ft); some older documents may use other units such as kgf·cm or in·lb. In practice, torque is applied with calibrated torque tools. The tightening method may be a simple torque target (torque to spec) or a torque-angle approach (torque followed by a specified angular rotation).

Torque values relate to the clamping force through a relation T ≈ K · F · d, where T is torque, F is the clamping force, d is the nominal bolt diameter, and K is a factor that accounts for friction and lubrication. Lubrication lowers friction and can change K, so the same fastener may require different torque values under different conditions.

Accurate torquing is essential in many industries, including automotive, aerospace, and machinery. Following torque specifications reduces the risk of thread stripping, bolt loosening, or over-tightening that can cause component damage. Torque tools require regular calibration, and torque data sheets or standards (such as ISO or manufacturer specifications) should be consulted for each fastener, often together with a tightening sequence.