toetusabi

Toetusabi (戸手三比) is a traditional Japanese martial art and a form of *koryū* (古流), meaning "old school," which traces its origins to the Sengoku period (1467–1615). The art is closely associated with the *Ninjutsu* (忍術) or "way of the spy," though it is not widely recognized as a formal *ninjutsu* dojo. Its techniques emphasize practical self-defense, weaponry, and evasion, often blending elements of swordsmanship, archery, and unarmed combat.

The exact lineage of Toetusabi remains somewhat obscure, as many historical martial arts were passed down orally or through secretive clans. Some accounts link it to the *Iga* and *Kōga* regions, known for their ninja traditions, though Toetusabi is not classified as a traditional *ninjutsu* system. Instead, it is believed to have been developed by a warrior named Toe Saburo (戸手三郎), a retainer of the *Oda* clan during the late 16th century. The art’s name may derive from his surname and rank, though this is speculative.

Toetusabi’s training typically includes the use of *tantō* (short swords), *kama* (sickle-swords), *naginata* (polearms), and *shuriken* (throwing stars), alongside grappling and evasion drills. Unlike many modern martial arts, Toetusabi places significant emphasis on practical application rather than formalized kata (prearranged forms). Historical records suggest it was designed for use in irregular warfare, espionage, and personal protection.

Today, Toetusabi is rarely practiced outside of niche historical reenactment groups or small dojos specializing in *koryū* disciplines. Its techniques are often studied alongside other lost or lesser-known martial traditions, such as *Kashima Shin-ryū* or *Takagi Yoshin-ryū*. Due to its limited documentation and oral transmission, much of its original curriculum remains unknown, making it a subject of interest for researchers of pre-modern Japanese combat systems.